Albanian 1986 7.62x54r Steel Core Light Ball
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This ammunition is popular due to it's brass case which has less tendency to stick upon extraction.  Shoulder dents and sloppily applied sealer on the bullet and primer are typical as is some variation in rim thickness.  This is sometimes a problem in rifles with headspace on the tight side of specifications although overall reliability and accuracy are on a par with other surplus ammunition of this era and better than many older types.

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(Reference number 014)

Case Over all Length Powder
Headstamp Material Coating Water Volume Min. Max. Weight
"86" (year) over "3" (country) brass none 63.0 gr. 2.993" 3.009" 47.0 gr.

 

Bullet
Dia. Length Weight Style Core Tip Color Magnetic? Ballistic
Coefficient
Sectional
Density
.311" 1.281" 147.8 gr. spitzer boat tail steel none yes 0.384 0.219

 

Package
20 rounds per paper wrap 440 rounds per spam can 880 rounds per wooden crate
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  cans are sometimes gray crates are sometimes green

 

Measured Muzzle Velocity in Feet per Second (10 shot string)
Rifle M44 M28 M91/30 M91 (Finnish) M91 (Russian)
Low 2570 2726 2738 2831 2649
High 2629 2777 2797 2879 2772
Average 2603 2749 2767 2861 2728
Extreme Spread 59 51 59 48 123
Standard Deviation 26 19 24 21 38
Trajectory and Drop Graph
(click on the thumbnails)
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Notes on the graphs  The graphs above each represent two sets of data.  The red line is the path of the bullet fired from the rifle with the sights zeroed at 200 yards.   The bullet exits the muzzle at a distance a fraction of an inch below zero inches.   This represents the height of the sight over the centerline of the bore.  The bullet rises above zero in a trajectory that then passes through zero again at 200 yards and continues downward.  The blue line is the the bullet drop in inches for the distance traveled.  This begins at the muzzle at zero inches and decreases with distance not taking sight height or zero distance into account.

 

Trajectory Comparison Graph
This graph combines the trajectories of the 5 graphs above to compare the performance of the test rifles.
Click on the graph for a large, scalable PDF to zoom in for better detail clarity.  Adobe Reader required.

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Bullet Velocity to 500 yards in Feet per Second

Distance (yds) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
M44 2603 2489 2377 2269 2163 2060 1960 1863 1769 1680 1594
M28 2749 2631 2516 2404 2295 2189 2086 1985 1886 1792 1702
M91/30 2767 2649 2534 2421 2312 2205 2101 2000 1901 1806 1715
M91 (Finnish) 2861 2740 2622 2507 2395 2287 2181 2077 1977 1879 1785
M91 (Russian) 2728 2611 2496 2385 2276 2171 2067 1967 1869 1776 1686

 

Bullet Energy to 500 yards in Foot Pounds

Distance (yds) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
M44 2226 2035 1857 1691 1538 1395 1262 1140 1029 927 835
M28 2483 2275 2081 1899 1731 1574 1429 1295 1169 1055 952
M91/30 2516 2306 2109 1926 1756 1597 1450 1315 1187 1072 967
M91 (Finnish) 2689 2466 2259 2066 1885 1718 1562 1418 1284 1160 1047
M91 (Russian) 2445 2240 2048 1869 1702 1548 1404 1271 1148 1036 934

 

Recoil

Rifle M44 (Soviet) M28 (Finnish) M91/30 (Soviet) M91 (Finnish) M91 (Russian)
Weight (Pounds) 8.25 lbs 9.75 lbs 8.56 lbs 9.50 lbs 9.38 lbs
Recoil Velocity (Feet per Second) 10.3 fps 9.2 fps 10.6 fps 9.9 fps 9.5 fps
Recoil Energy (Foot-Pound) 13.7 ft-lb 13.0 ft-lb 15.0 ft-lb 14.5 ft-lb 13.3 ft-lb


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