Hungarian 1975 7.62x54r Steel Core Heavy Ball
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This ammunition is one of two types of steel core heavy ball 7.62x54r, both produced by Hungary.  The lacquer coated cases may cause extraction problems if the chamber is not clean.

ammo006a.JPG (12167 bytes) ammo006b.JPG (35674 bytes) ammo006c.JPG (51460 bytes)

(Reference number 006)

Case Over all Length Powder
Headstamp Material Coating Water Volume Min. Max. Weight
"21" (country) over "75" (year) steel lacquer 62.9 gr. 3.007" 3.026" 46.1 gr.

 

Bullet
Dia. Length Weight Style Core Tip Color Magnetic? Ballistic
Coefficient
Sectional
Density
.311" 1.464" 181.7 gr. spitzer boat tail steel silver / yellow yes 0.442 0.269

 

Package
20 rounds per paper wrap 880 rounds per wooden crate
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Measured Muzzle Velocity in Feet per Second (10 shot string)
Rifle M44 M28 M91/30 M91 (Finnish) M91 (Russian)
Low 2407 2438 2529 2464 2401
High 2474 2523 2592 2563 2536
Average 2445 2480 2562 2525 2479
Extreme Spread 67 85 63 99 135
Standard Deviation 25 27 23 34 42
Trajectory and Drop Graph
(click on the thumbnails)
20050112029.jpg (104487 bytes) 20050112030.jpg (102258 bytes) 20050112031.jpg (102594 bytes) 20050112032.jpg (102086 bytes) 20050112033.jpg (101896 bytes)
Notes on the graphs  The graphs above each represent two sets of data.  The red line is the path of the bullet fired from the rifle with the sights zeroed at 200 yards.   The bullet exits the muzzle at a distance a fraction of an inch below zero inches.   This represents the height of the sight over the centerline of the bore.  The bullet rises above zero in a trajectory that then passes through zero again at 200 yards and continues downward.  The blue line is the the bullet drop in inches for the distance traveled.  This begins at the muzzle at zero inches and decreases with distance not taking sight height or zero distance into account.

 

Trajectory Comparison Graph
This graph combines the trajectories of the 5 graphs above to compare the performance of the test rifles.
Click on the graph for a large, scalable PDF to zoom in for better detail clarity.  Adobe Reader required.

20050112029thru33.jpg (82799 bytes)

 

Supplemental Data   When plotting the graph above it was noticed that the performance of the M91/30 surpassed that of the Finnish M91.  This occured with all three types of Hungarian heavy ball evaluated.  The Finnish M91 outperformed the M91/30 with all other types of ammo tested.  To explore this further the three types of Hungarian heavy ball were fired through three more M91/30s.  The 2nd and 3rd rifles, both Soviet M91/30s, outperformed the Finnish M91, while the 4th rifle, a Finnish M91/30, fell slightly behind the Finnish M91.  It is believed that the ammo is most nearly matched to the M91/30 barrel length and slightly larger bores found in the Soviet rifles and achieves maximum performance in these rifles.

Measured Muzzle Velocity in Feet per Second (10 shot string)
Rifle M91/30, 1947 Izhevsk
(same as M91/30 above)
M91/30, 1944 Izhevsk M91/30, 1944 Tula M91/30, 1943 Tikka
Low 2529 2543 2519 2374
High 2592 2625 2555 2527
Average 2562 2581 2529 2454
Extreme Spread 63 82 36 153
Standard Deviation 23 28 15 57
Trajectory and Drop Graph
(click on the thumbnails)
20050112031.jpg (102594 bytes) 20050122026.jpg (102933 bytes) 20050122027.jpg (102525 bytes) 20050122028.jpg (102853 bytes)

Notes on the graphs  The graphs above each represent two sets of data.  The red line is the path of the bullet fired from the rifle with the sights zeroed at 200 yards.   The bullet exits the muzzle at a distance a fraction of an inch below zero inches.   This represents the height of the sight over the centerline of the bore.  The bullet rises above zero in a trajectory that then passes through zero again at 200 yards and continues downward.  The blue line is the the bullet drop in inches for the distance traveled.  This begins at the muzzle at zero inches and decreases with distance not taking sight height or zero distance into account.

 

Trajectory Comparison Graph
This graph combines the trajectories of the 4 graphs above to compare the performance of the test rifles.
Click on the graph for a large, scalable PDF to zoom in for better detail clarity.  Adobe Reader required.

20050122026thru28.jpg (86061 bytes)

 

Bullet Velocity to 500 yards in Feet per Second

Distance (yds) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
M44
(Soviet)
2445 2349 2255 2163 2074 1987 1901 1818 1738 1662 1587
M28
(Finnish)
2480 2383 2289 2196 2106 2018 1932 1848 1767 1689 1614
M91/30
(1947 Izhevsk)
2562 2463 2367 2273 2181 2091 2003 1917 1834 1754 1676
M91/30
(1944 Izhevsk)
2581 2482 2385 2291 2199 2108 2020 1934 1850 1769 1691
M91/30
(1944 Tula)
2529 2431 2336 2242 2151 2062 1975 1889 1807 1728 1651
M91/30
(1943 Tikka)
2454 2358 2264 2172 2082 1995 1909 1826 1746 1669 1594
M91
(Finnish)
2525 2427 2332 2238 2147 2058 1971 1886 1804 1724 1648
M91
(Russian)
2479 2383 2288 2196 2106 2017 1931 1847 1767 1689 1613

 

Bullet Energy to 500 yards in Foot Pounds

Distance (yds) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
M44
(Soviet)
2414 2229 2055 1891 1738 1595 1460 1336 1221 1116 1018
M28
(Finnish)
2485 2295 2117 1949 1792 1645 1507 1379 1262 1153 1052
M91/30
(1947 Izhevsk)
2651 2452 2263 2087 1922 1767 1621 1485 1359 1242 1135
M91/30
(1944 Izhevsk)
2692 2490 2299 2121 1953 1796 1649 1511 1382 1264 1155
M91/30
(1944 Tula)
2584 2388 2204 2032 1870 1718 1576 1442 1319 1206 1102
M91/30
(1943 Tikka)
2433 2246 2071 1906 1752 1608 1472 1347 1232 1125 1027
M91
(Finnish)
2576 2380 2197 2024 1863 1711 1570 1437 1314 1202 1097
M91
(Russian)
2484 2294 2116 1948 1792 1644 1507 1379 1261 1152 1052

 

Recoil
Rifle M44
(Soviet)
M28
(Finnish)
M91/30
(1947 Izhezsk)
M91/30
(1944 Izhevsk)
M91/30
(1944 Tula)
M91/30
(1943 Tikka)
M91
(Finnish)
M91
(Russian)
Weight
(Pounds)
8.25 lbs 9.75 lbs 8.56 lbs 8.63 lbs 8.69 lbs 9.38 lbs 9.50 lbs 9.38 lbs
Recoil Velocity
(Feet per Second)
10.6 fps 9.1 fps 11.2 fps 11.3 fps 10.9 fps 9.4 fps 10.0 fps 9.5 fps
Recoil Energy
(Foot-Pound)
14.4 ft-lb 12.6 ft-lb 16.7 ft-lb 17.0 ft-lb 16.1 ft-lb 12.8 ft-lb 14.7 ft-lb 13.1 ft-lb


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